Curiosidades: Comúnmente conocida en Angola como Capungo-pungo, es probablemente la planta medicinal aromática menos valorada de África. Se utiliza para tratar una variedad de dolencias medicinales, así como para el control de plagas en almacenes de granos. Parte del potencial de Wild Verbena ha salido a la luz recientemente. Investigaciones recientes se han centrado en las evaluaciones farmacológicas como antiinflamatorio, antiespasmódico, para enfermedades respiratorias, antipalúdico, edulcorante y repelente y en los principios activos involucrados [3]. Es la hierba vegetal tradicional más utilizada como antiséptico, analgésico, anticonvulsivo, sedante, antiinfeccioso, remedio para la tos y como tónico general y también se utiliza a menudo en la terapia de inhalación.
Verbena Salvaje
Lippia javanica (Burm.f.) Spreng.
ANGOLA
CAS No: N/A
EINECS No: 920-039-5
Parte de la planta usada: Toda la parte aérea
Origen: Cochecha en campo abierto
Proceso: Destilación al vapor
Componentes principaless: Myrcenone, Beta-Myrcene
Quimiotipo: Myrcenone-rich chemotype
Experiencia olfativa: Olor agradable, afrutado y dulce con una nota de cabeza picante
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Análisis Cromatográfico
Porcentaje relativo de cada compuesto del cromatograma presentado de Verbena
| Compounds | Relative percentage |
| α-Thujene | 0.2 |
| α-Pinene | 0.7 |
| Camphene | 0.3 |
| Sabinene | 0.5 |
| β-Pinene | 0.1 |
| β-Myrcene | 10.7 |
| α-Phellandrene | 8.6 |
| p-Cymene | 2.9 |
| β-Phellandrene | 2.1 |
| Limonene | 1.5 |
| cis-β-Ocimene | 0.1 |
| Dihydrotagetone* | 1.2 |
| trans-β-Ocimene | 0.1 |
| γ-Terpinene | 0.6 |
| trans-Vertocitral c | 1.0 |
| Terpinolene | t |
| Linalool | 0.5 |
| Chrysanthenone* | 0.1 |
| trans-p-2-Menthen-1-ol | t |
| Camphor | 0.4 |
| Myrcenone * (= Ipsdienone) | 37.1 |
| trans-Tagetone | 0.6 |
| Ipsdienol | 0.6 |
| cis-Tagetone | 0.6 |
| Borneol | 0.3 |
| Terpinen-4-ol | t |
| α-Terpineol | 0.2 |
| cis-Ocimenone | 6.4 |
| trans-Ocimenone | 5.8 |
| cis-Myrcenyl acetate | 0.2 |
| β-Bourbonene | 0.1 |
| β-Elemene | 0.5 |
| β-Caryophyllene | 2.1 |
| α-Guaiene | 2.0 |
| α-Humulene | 0.4 |
| allo-Aromadendrene | 0.1 |
| Germacreno D | 0.9 |
| δ-Guaiene (= α-Bulnesene)* | 0.3 |
| Spathulenol | t |
| β-Caryophyllene oxide | 0.3 |
| Grouped components | |
| Monoterpene hydrocarbons 25.5% | |
| Oxygen-containing monoterpenes 56.7% | |
| Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons 6.4% | |
| Oxygen-containing sesquiterpenes 0.3% | |
| Others 1.2% |
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Evidencia Científica
| Effect | Route used in the experiment | Source |
| Antimicrobial activity | Time kill assays – Klebsiella pneumoniae (gram- negative), Cryptococcus neoformans (yeast)
and Bacillus cereus (gram- positive). |
[7] [8] |
| Antimicrobial and antioxidant activity | ß-Carotene agar diffusion assay – very effective against P. aeruginosa. Good antioxidant activity but less effective than
T.minuta and F.vulgare essential oils. |
[9] |
| Antioxidant activity | free radical
scavenging (DPPH) assay – antioxidant potential displayed by the oil might be possibly due to the presence of germacrene D. However, it was not as strong as the standard ascorbic acid. |
[10] |
| Antibacterial activity | agar dilution
technique – strong activities against the gram-positiva and gram- negative bacteria tested |
[11] |
References
- A. Maroyi, “Lippia javanica (Burm.f.) Spreg.: Traditional and Commercial Uses and Phytochemical and Pharmacological Significance in the African and Indian Subcontinent,” Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 34, 1 January 2017.
- Viljoen, S. Subramoney, S. van Vuuren, K. Baser and B. Demirci, “The composition, geographical variation and antimicrobial activity of Lippia javanica (Verbenaceae) leaf essential oils,” Journal of Ethnopharmacology, no. 96, pp. 271-277, 2005.
- Pascual, K. Slowing, E. Carretero, D. S. Mata and A. Villar, “Lippia: traditional uses, chemistry and pharmacology: a review,” Journal of Ethnopharmacology, no. 76, pp. 201-214, 2001.
- Subramoney, “The composition, geographical variation and antimicrobial activity of Lippia javanica (Vervenaceae) leaf essential oils,” Faculty of Health Sciences – University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, 2003.
- S. Chagonda and J.-C. Chalchat, “Essential oil Composition of Lippia javanica (Burm.f.) Spreng chemotype from Western Zimbabwe,” Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, no. 18, pp. 482-485, 2015.
- Maroyi and G. Mosina, “Medicinal plants and traditional practices in peri-urban domestic gardens of the Limpopo province, South Africa,” Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 665-672, 2014.
- M. Viljoen; S. Subramoney; S.F. van Vuuren; K.H.C. Başer; B Demirci (2005). The composition, geographical variation and antimicrobial activity of Lippia javanica (Verbenaceae) leaf essential oils. , 96(1-2), 0– 277. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2004.09.017
- Nkhumeleni Jeoffrey Manenzhe; Natasha Potgieter; Teunis van Ree (2004). Composition and antimicrobial activities of volatile components of Lippia javanica. , 65(16), 2333–2336. doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.07.020
- Y. Osée Muyima , Siviwe Nziweni & Leonard V. Mabinya (2004) Antimicrobial and antioxidative activities of Tagetes minuta, Lippia javanica and Foeniculum vulgare essential oils from the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 7:1, 68-78, DOI: 10.1080/0972-060X.2004.10643368
- Anwar Endris, Nigist Asfaw & Daniel Bisrat (2016) Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the essential oil of Lippia javanica leaves from Ethiopia, Journal of Essential Oil Research, 28:3, 221-226, DOI: 1080/10412905.2015.1108880
- Olipa Ngassapa,1 * Deborah K. B. Runyoro,1 Evangelia Harvala2 and Ioanna
B. Chinou2 (2003) Composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils of two populations of Tanzanian Lippia javanica (Burm. f.) Spreng. (Verbenaceae). Flavour Fragr. J. 2003; 18: 221–224.