Curiosidades: Este aceite esencial, con su alto porcentaje de citral, destaca por sus acciones calmantes y ansiolíticas. esta especie es muy utilizada en la medicina popular como té, tanto por su acción calmante, analgésica y sedante, como por su agradable sabor y aroma. Se ha informado actividad analgésica, antiinfecciosa, insecticida y anticonvulsiva.
Verbena Blanca
Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E.Br. ex Britton & P. Wilson
ANGOLA
CAS No: N/A
EINECS No: N/A
Parte de la planta usada: Parte areal entera
Origen: Cultivada orgánicamente
Proceso: Destilación al vapor
Compuestos principales: citral, limoneno
Quimiotipo: Quimiotipo “Citral” (I). Podemos referirnos a él como un quimiotipo “Citral-Limonene”
Experiencia olfativa: Fuerte y cítrica.
Fichas reglamentarias
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Análisis Cromatográfico
Porcentaje relativo de cada compuesto del cromatograma presentado de VERBENA BLANCA
| Componentes | Porcentaje relativo |
| 2-Methyl butyl acetate | t |
| Tricyclene | t |
| α-Thujene | 0.9 |
| α-Pinene | 0.3 |
| Camphene | 0.5 |
| Sabinene | t |
| 6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one | 3.0 |
| β-Pinene | t |
| β-Myrcene | 0.7 |
| α-Phellandrene | 0.1 |
| Isopentyl isobutyrate | t |
| α-Terpinene | 0.4 |
| p-Cymene | 3.6 |
| 1,8-Cineole | 0.2 |
| Limonene | 16.0 |
| cis-β-Ocimene | t |
| trans-β-Ocimene | 0.6 |
| γ-Terpinene | 7.2 |
| trans-Sabinene hydrate | 0.2 |
| Fenchone | t |
| Terpinolene | 0.2 |
| Linalool | 0.9 |
| Camphor | 17.6 |
| Citronellal | 0.4 |
| Borneol | 0.3 |
| Terpinen-4-ol | 0.2 |
| α-Terpineol | t |
| cis-Piperitol | t |
| Nerol | 0.3 |
| Carvone | 0.1 |
| Neral (= cis-Citral) | 13.0 |
| Geraniol | 0.3 |
| Geranial (= trans-Citral) | 15.6 |
| Eugenol | t |
| Citronellyl acetate | t |
| trans-Methyl cinnamate | 0.3 |
| Geranyl acetate | 0.2 |
| α-Copaene | 0.3 |
| β-Bourbonene | 0.3 |
| α-Cubebene | 0.4 |
| β-Elemene | 0.6 |
| β-Caryophyllene | 0.7 |
| β-Copaene | 0.2 |
| α-Cedrene | 0.3 |
| α-Humulene | 0.4 |
| trans-β-Farnesene | 0.2 |
| allo-Aromadendrene | 0.2 |
| γ-Muurolene | t |
| Germacreno D | 4.5 |
| α-Zingiberene | 0.9 |
| α-Muurolene | 0.3 |
| α-Bulnesene* | 1.0 |
| β-Bisabolene | 0.5 |
| δ-Cadinene | 0.4 |
| Elemol | 1.5 |
| trans-Nerolidol | 0.3 |
| β-Eudesmol | 0.2 |
| α-Eudesmol | 0.2 |
| Grouped components | |
| Monoterpene hydrocarbons 30.5% | |
| Oxygen-containing monoterpenes 49.3% | |
| Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons 11.2% | |
| Oxygen-containing sesquiterpenes 2.2% | |
| Phenylpropanoids t | |
| Others 3.3% |
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Evidencia Científica
| Efecto | Ruta usada en el experimento | Fuente |
| Vasorelexant and antispasmodic | Animal tissue (euthanized rats) | [2] |
| Anti-microbial | Lab incubation | [11] |
| Reduces uterine contractions (Myorelaxant) | Animal tissue (euthanized rats) | [12] |
| Analgesic | Intraperitoneally | [13] [14] |
| Anti-inflammatory | Orally and intraperitoneally | [15] |
| Anxiolytic and sedative | Intraperitoneally | [16] [14] |
References
- Hennebelle, S. Sahpaz, H. Joseph e F. Bailleul, “Ethnopharmacology of Lippis Alba,” Journal of Ethnopharmacology, nº 116, pp. 211-222, 2008.
- d. Silva, L. d. Morais, A. Silva, C. Bastos, Á. Pereira-Golçaves, M. Kerntopf,
- Menezes, J. Leal-Cardoso e R. Barbosa, “Vasorelaxant effect of the Lippia alba essential oil and its major constituent, citral, on the contractibility of isolated rat aorta,” Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, nº 108, pp. 792-798, 2018.
- Z. D. M.-S. S. e. a. Vera, “Essential oils with insecticidal activity against larvae of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae),” Parasitol Res, nº 113, p. 2647–2654, 2014.
- Pascual, K. Slowing, E. Carretero, D. S. Mata e A. Villar, “Lippia: traditional uses, chemistry and pharmacology: a review,” Journal of Ethnopharmacology, nº 76, pp. 201-214, 2001.
- Camilo, D. Leite, C. Nonato, N. Carvalho, D. Ribeiro e J. d. Costa, “Traditional use of the genus Lippia sp. and pesticidal potential: A review,” Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, nº 40, p. 102296, 2022.
- Gomes, M. Almeida, A. Ruela, J. Amaral, J. David e M. Leite, “Development and evaluation of physical and release properties of a tablet formulation containing dry hydroethanolic extract from Lippia alba leaves,” Journal of Herbal Medicine, nº 29, p. 100459, 2021.
- d. A. Lima, N. M. d. Q. Baptista, A. P. S. d. Oliveira, P. A. d. Silva, N. B. d. Gusmão, M. T. d. S. Correia, T. H. Napoleão, M. V. d. Silva e P. M. G. Paiva, “Insecticidal activity of a chemotype VI essential oil from Lippia alba leaves collected at Caatinga and the major compound (1,8-cineole) against Nasutitermes corniger and Sitophilus zeamais,” Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, vol. 177, nº 104901, 2021.
- Teles, J. A. Pereira, C. H. Santos, R. V. Menezes, R. Malheiro, A. Lucchese e F. Silva, “Geographical origin and drying methodology may affect the essential oil of Lippia alba (Mill) N.E. Brown,” Industrial Crops and Products, nº 37, pp. 247- 252, 2012.
- Soares, P. D. Jr., I. Campos, G. Amorim, M. d. Carmo, D. Chaves e M. d. Souza, “Selection of genotypes (citral chemotype) of Lippia alba(Mill.) N.E. Brown regarding seasonal stability of the essential oils chemical profile,” Industrial Crops & Products, nº 139, p. 111497, 2019.
- O. Onawunmi, “Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of Citral,” Letters in Applied Microbiology, nº 9, pp. 105-108, 1989.
- Pereira-de-Morais, A. d. A. Silva, R. d. Silva, R. d. Costa, Á. Monteiro, C. Barbosa, T. Amorim, I. Menezes, M. Kerntopf e R. Barbosa, “Tocolytic activity of the Lippia alba essential oil and its major constituents, citral and limonene, on the isolated uterus of rats,” Chemico-Biological Interactions, nº 297, pp. 155-159, 2019.
- Blanco, G. Colareda, C. v. Baren, A. Bandoni, J. Ringuelet e A. Consolini, “Antispasmodic effects and composition of the essential oils from two South American chemotypes of Lippia alba,” Journal of Ethnopharmacology, nº 149, pp. 803-809, 2013.
- Siqueira-Lima, F. Passos, A. Lucchese, I. Menezes, H. Coutinho, A. Lima,
- Zengin, J. Quintans e L. Quintans-Jr., “Central nervous system and analgesic profiles of Lippia genus,” Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy, nº 29, pp. 125-135, 2019.
- D. V. T. R. V. M. F. Viana, “Analgesic and antiinflammatory effects of two chemotypes of Lippia alba: A comparative study,” Pharmaceutical Biology, vol. 36, nº 5, pp. 347-351, 1998.
- Gomes, M. Almeida, M. Leite, S. Schwaiger, H. Stuppner, M. Halabalaki,
- Amaral e J. David, “Seasonal variation in the chemical composition of two chemotypes of Lippia alba,” Food Chemistry, nº 273, pp. 186-193, 2019.